Ans: Database testing basically include the following.
1)Data validity testing.
2)Data Integrity testing
3)Performance related to data base.
4)Testing of Procedure, triggers and functions.

Data validity testing:

Data validity testing: Testing the correctness and reasonableness of data.
Ex: Account no falling within range, numeric data being all digits, dates having valid months
Note: Data validity errors are more common and most difficult to detect.
Errors in data validity are caused by End user/ by who enters Ex: 13/25/2006

Data Integrity testing:
Date integrity is nothing but enforcing the business rules (facts/data) into database table is called data integrity

Types of Data Integrity :

Entity Integrity: can be achieved through Primary Key and Unique Key Constraints.

Should be tested: whether it is taking duplicate values, Whether it is taking null values.

Domain Integrity: can be achieved through Not null, Default, Check .

Should be tested: Whether it is taking default values even though if we won’t give, checking the values in the column. Ex: age column should take < 60.

Referential Integrity: can be achieved through Foreign Key.

Should be tested : Checking Whether "child" rows are deleted or not when a parent row is deleted from parent table.

For performance related Testing in DB:
Indexes are used to increase the performance.
It is nothing but ordered list of values taken from one or more columns in the tables and organized in to b_tree structure
Need to test: whether we have created index on column for particular table or not.